Protecting plate for cement ground covers



' Filed May 7, 1959 June 26, 1962 REMSHE Y PROTECTING PLATE.

FOR CEMENT GROUND COVERS 4 Sheets-$heet 2 INVENTOR.

June 26, 1962 K. BREMSHEY- 3,040,637

PROTECTING PLATE FOR CEMENT GROUND COVERS 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed May 7, 1959 INVENTOR.

June 26, 1962 K. BREMSHEY 3,040,637

PROTECTING PLATE FOR CEMENT GROUND COVERS Filed May 7, 1959 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Unite States Karl Bremshey,

The present invention relates to a honey comb grate as a cover to be embedded in concrete or the like for heavily used ground areas.

It is already known to provide gratings of massive iron plates against a fast ware and against the elfect of impacts. These gratings are rigidly anchored in the concrete ground bring about the important drawback, that are tightly disposed adjacent each other and, if necessary, a predetermined distance is provided therebetween. Such plates are set for instance on loading ramps for heavily used entrance roads or the like.

The previously known gratings made of iron, closed over the entire upper surface, and inserted into the concrete ground being about the important drawback, that they become extremely smooth if they are soiled with oil, grease or the like, and, even after extreme cleaning, cannot be restored to the condition, which avoids sliding thereon. This leads to accidents and other undesirable results. Such massive gratings require also an extremely great amount of material, which amounts to the disadvantage not only concerning its manufacture, but also concerning its transportation.

Protecting gratings for concrete ground covers or the like, are also known which have honeycomb-shaped hexagonal perforations disposed adjacent each other and which are formed of comparatively thick integral walls which are widened towards the bottom face. These protecting gratings are designed in such a manner that they are supported at their lower marginal edges on the ground where they are supposed to be secured by pouring of concrete or the like. Thus, the lower marginal edges of the protective gratings are disposed in a plane. These gra ings are quite favorable as to their setting possibility, as well as to their sliding security. The hexagonal shape of the perforations is of advantage as to the pouring technique, in view of the angle present at all abutment points of the walls. The conical shape of the walls permits a simple removal of the plate from the mold and causes also an excellent anchoring of the gratings in the hardened concrete ground layer.

Grid-shaped protecting gratings for ground covers are also known which are equipped with individual legs provided at the cross-points of the walls forming the grid. The legs extend with bent edges to the bottomside of the likewise conically disposed walls of the perforations. These plates have, however, the drawback that they are supported merely at individual points on the ground to be covered. There is a danger of breaking in case of jolts between the supporting points, particularly in view of the straight arrangement of the lower edges of the walls.

It is, therefore one object of the present invention to provide a honey comb grate as a cover to be embedded in concrete or the like, which grate engages the supporting ground along the lower marginal edges along its entire periphery, and which is equipped with stiif honeycombshaped perforations disposed adjacent each other and formed by comparatively thick integral walls which are widened on both sides towards the bottom face of the grate, and which are designed in such a manner that they can be manufactured by simplest and material saving means with greatest possible inner stability.

atent filicc It is another object of the present invention to provide a honey comb grate as a cover to be embedded in concrete or the like, in which the object stated above is achieved by arranging a plane upper face for the plate and a spherically concavely shaped bottom face disposed symmetrically towards the plane upper face.

Due to this arrangement there is, for instance, the possibility to produce the grate in a casting process, without creating the danger to create an inferior product. Due to the symmetrically disposed spherically concavely arranged curved bottom face, it is achieved that upon hardening of the pouring mass, a crystallization takes place, substanti-ally from the center point of the grate and moving outwardly. The cast plate is safely free from inner tensions. Furthermore, the spherically concavely shaped curved bottom face leads to an increased stability of the concavely shaped plate itself. Also, the sensitivity to temperature changes, particularly the danger of a loosening in the ground due to the expansion or retraction, caused by temperature changes, is extremely reduced. Due to the spherically bottom face a median zone is created in each grate which assumes to a greater extent any expansion or retraction, than the marginal Zones which are more stabile due to their greater height.

With these and other objects in view, which will become apparent in the following detailed description, the

present invention will be clearly understood in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a top plan view of a protecting grate;

FIG. 2 is a section along the lines 2--2 of FIG. '1;

FIG. 3 is a top plan view indicating a plurality of protecting grates poured into the cement floor or ground;

FIG. 4 is a top plan view of another embodiment of the protecting grate;

FIG. 5 is a section along the lines 5-5 of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a topplan View of a plurality of protecting grates in accordance with the embodiment shown in FIG. 4; and

FIG. 7 is a section along the lines 7-7 of FIG. 6.

Referring now to the drawings, and in particular to FIGS. 1 to 3, the protecting grate has a plurality of hexagonal perforations 1 which resemble a honey-comb and are disposed adjacent each other. These perforations 1 are formed by the side walls 2. These side walls are comparatively thick and are integrally formed of the same piece of material.

The protecting under side 4 which is concave to sa1d upper side 3.

walls 2 is widened in the direction towards the under-side 4. The opening x of each individual hexagonal perforation at the upper-side of the grate is thus greater than the opening y at the under-side of the grate.

The total grate is squarely formed. It can also be hexagonal or the like, or of any similar shape. It has a marginal portion 5. This marginal portion 5 has recesses 6 at the four corners, which recesses comprise tion 1'.

The margin portion 5 projects on the under-side of the grate into an inwardly projecting bead 5', which, upon applying the cement, brings about an additional securing means and lends to the grate a greater rigidity in an im pact in horizontal direction.

Referring now to the embodiment disclosed in FIGS. 4 to 7, the protecting grate has no marginal portion, rather conical projections 7 are provided properly spaced apart around the periphery of the grate, which conical projections 7 are received by corresponding grooves 8 provided at the periphery of the adjacent grates. This connection is realized in the form of a slot and feather penetration, so that a connection of the grates to each other is brought about. 7

The insertion or embedding of the grate into the cement ground takes place in such manner that the upper-side 3 of the grate is flush with the upper-side of the ground and the hexagonal perforations 1 are filled up with cement. The conical shape of the perforations 1 causes after the hardening of the cement an anchoring of the grate in the ground which withstands all occurring strains, particularly due to the plurality of the individual perforations, each of which forms an anchoring piece. 7

The filling up of the 3, 6 and 7) provides perforations with cement (PIGS. that no closed surface is created which would make poss'ble a sliding thereon in case of greater soiling with grease. Each object disposed on the cement ground which is equipped with said grates, receives the necessary friction on the cement surfaces or the like. Nevertheless, the resistance against wear and the resistance against impacts of the total ground face is appreciably increased in view of the comparatively thick side walls, which form,.however,' an interrupted surface. The size of the grate and the size of the individual hexagonal perforations are adjusted towards each other in such a manner that in case of a square shape of the grate at the edges, a filling of the spaces which do not have anymore a hexagonal perforation 1, is possible by perforations of a size of one half of a hexagon. Aside from the marginal edge portion hexagonal perforations are again created by adjoining two grates. The selection of hexagonal perforations provides not only the most favorable shape for the individual grate, but also the most favorable shape for the adjoining of a plurality of grates by maintaining a minimum protecting plate surface.

While I have disclosed several embodiments of the present invention, it is to be understood that these embodiments are given by example only and not in a limiting sense, the scope of the present invention being determined by the objects and the claims.

I claim: 1. A honey-comb grate to be embedded in concrete or the like, comprising a plurality of intermediate webs arranged in a hexagonal pattern and supported along the outer margin of said webs disposed at the periphery of said grate, said Webs forming a flat upper surface, each of said webs tapering outwardly and downwardly,

and the bottom surface of said grate being concave with all of said Webs terminating in an imaginary arcuate surface disposed symmetrically about the entire periphery of said grate. 2. The honey-comb grate, includes a peripheral portion having walls and terminating in inwardly directed supporting flanges.

as set forth in claim 1, which References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 70,076 Dean Oct. 22, 1867 254,269 Brown Feb. 28, 1882 2,187,500 Laubscher Jan. 16, 1940 FOREIGN PATENTS 271,664 Great Britain June 2, 1927 340,648 Great Britain Jan. 8, 1931 383,848 Great Britain Nov. 24, 1932 321,406 Italy Oct. 4, 1934 437,738 Great Britain Oct. 30, 1935 974,265 France Sept. 27, 1950 

